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Title: Application of geological and geophysical methods in marine archaeology and underwater explorations

Project Leader:
Vora, K.H.

Scientific Achievements:

4. Lakshadweep:

Lakshadweep was an important milestone in the shipping route before the opening of the Suez Canal. Being on the trade route, boats used the islands of Lakshadweep as a stopover to refurbish the supply of fresh water, etc. Many of the reefs being very shallow and some of them permanently submerged, were hazardous for mariners and therefore, caused many wrecks in the region. By 11th-12th centuries Lakshadweep became famous for supplying of materials for boatbuilding. Boats were loaded with coconut, coir and coconut wood and traded with Oman and other Gulf countries. Important archaeological findings suggest that sculptors traveled as far as Lakshadweep. Buddhist monks also realised the importance of these islands for disseminating the 'Dhamma' all over the world.

During the explorations in Lakshadweep waters four steam engine shipwrecks were noticed. The first shipwreck was observed on Suheli Par reef. This wreck is lying over the reef and a major portion can be seen on the water and heavy things are lying underwater. The shipwreck contains a number of armoured vehicles, cars and guns. The remains belong to a Greek ship,which

 


Steam engine ship with flywheel and shaft

was carrying the Second World War surplus stores from Burma and was grounded at night in December 1955. Three other wrecks were found off Minicoy. These are on the western side of the Island. A small portion of each wreck was visible above the water. The wrecks were lying between 4 to 15 m water depths.

Diving at one of the southern most wrecks off Minicoy suggests that this was a steel hulled and steam engine ship. The flywheel was intact and a 27 m long shaft attached to the flywheel and propeller was noticed. The most interesting finding of this wreck was an anchor chain running more than 50 m in length with the anchor lying in deeper water. This indicates that the ship was anchored and perhaps drifted to the shore and wrecked. A few brass and lead items were also noticed from this wreck. The hull frame of this wreck was still in good condition.

The other wreck is lying perpendicular to the shore, about 200 m north of the previous one. It is estimated that the length of the ship could be 100 m. The boilers and engine parts are well preserved. The ship is tilted towards the starboard side. The aft portion of the wreck has fallen in deeper water. The propeller shaft is broken into two parts. A small part is attached to the engine but the longer part together with the propeller is broken and has slipped down the slope. Two huge boilers were noted, these are cylindrical and airtight boxes about 5 m in height and 2 m in diameter.

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